{"success":true,"database":"eegdash","data":{"_id":"69de3cac897a7725c66ff166","dataset_id":"nm000228","associated_paper_doi":null,"authors":["Mante S. Nieuwland","Stephen Politzer-Ahles","Evelien Heyselaar","Katrien Segaert","Emily Darley","Nina Kazanina","Sarah Von Grebmer Zu Wolfsthurn","Federica Bartolozzi","Vita Kogan","Aine Ito","Diane Mézière","Dale J. Barr","Guillaume A. Rousselet","Heather J. Ferguson","Simon Busch-Moreno","Xiao Fu","Jyrki Tuomainen","Eugenia Kulakova","E. Matthew Husband","David I. Donaldson","Zdenko Kohút","Shirley-Ann Rueschemeyer","Falk Huettig"],"bids_version":"1.9.0","canonical_name":null,"contact_info":null,"contributing_labs":null,"data_processed":false,"dataset_doi":"doi:10.7554/eLife.33468","datatypes":["eeg"],"demographics":{"subjects_count":356,"ages":[],"age_min":null,"age_max":null,"age_mean":null,"species":null,"sex_distribution":null,"handedness_distribution":{"r":348}},"experimental_modalities":null,"external_links":{"source_url":"https://nemar.org/dataexplorer/detail/nm000228","osf_url":null,"github_url":null,"paper_url":null},"funding":["Max Planck Society","Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) grants","The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Veni grant 275-89-021"],"ingestion_fingerprint":"ef97cf6d62c1e8fa727c32791dc7b9417fdc1505f30f454466ae0921dafee764","license":"CC-BY 4.0","n_contributing_labs":null,"name":"Nieuwland et al. 2018: Multi-site N400 Replication Study","readme":"Nieuwland et al. 2018: Multi-site N400 Replication Study\n==========================================================\nOverview\n--------\nThis is a large-scale (N=356) multi-laboratory replication of DeLong, Urbach &\nKutas (2005), testing whether readers pre-activate the phonological form of\nupcoming nouns during sentence comprehension. Participants read sentences\nword-by-word (RSVP, 2 words per second) that contained indefinite articles\n(a/an) preceding either highly expected or unexpected nouns (based on cloze\nprobability), while EEG was recorded.\nNine laboratories in the UK collected data following a pre-registered\nreplication protocol (https://osf.io/eyzaq). The original study by DeLong et\nal. reported N400-like effects on the indefinite articles (larger negativity\nfor unexpected articles). Nieuwland et al. found reliable N400 effects on the\ntarget nouns but no statistically significant effect on the preceding\narticles, challenging strong prediction accounts.\nParticipants\n------------\n- 356 total participants (222 women / 134 men)\n- All right-handed, native English speakers\n- Age 18–35 years (mean 19.8)\n- Normal or corrected-to-normal vision\n- Free from known language or learning disorders\n- 89 reported a left-handed parent or sibling\nAfter applying the paper's quality threshold (<60/80 article or noun trials),\n334 subjects were retained in the statistical analyses. In this BIDS release\nwe include ALL subjects for which raw data is available, with an\n``included_in_paper`` flag in participants.tsv so users can filter themselves.\nLaboratories\n------------\n| Lab (paper #) | Institution                | Format       | Sfreq    | Channels          |\n|---------------|----------------------------|--------------|----------|-------------------|\n| BIRM (1)      | University of Birmingham   | BrainVision  | 500 Hz   | 64 EEG            |\n| BRIS (2)      | University of Bristol      | BrainVision  | 1000 Hz  | 32 EEG            |\n| EDIN (3)      | University of Edinburgh    | BioSemi BDF  | 512 Hz   | 64 EEG + 8 EXG    |\n| GLAS (4)      | University of Glasgow      | BioSemi BDF  | 512 Hz   | 128 EEG + 8 EXG   |\n| KENT (5)      | University of Kent         | BrainVision  | 500 Hz   | 64 EEG + HEOG/VEOG|\n| LOND (6)      | University College London  | BioSemi BDF  | 512 Hz   | 32 EEG + 8 EXG    |\n| OXFO (7)      | University of Oxford       | BioSemi BDF  | 2048 Hz  | 64 EEG + 8 EXG    |\n| STIR (8)      | University of Stirling     | Neuroscan CNT| 250 Hz   | 64 EEG + EOG      |\n| YORK (9)      | University of York         | BrainVision  | 500 Hz   | 64 EEG + HEOG/VEOG|\nParadigm\n--------\n- Word-by-word RSVP: 200 ms word duration + 300 ms blank (2 words/sec)\n- 80 Delong replication sentences + 80 control sentences\n- Comprehension questions on a subset of trials (yes/no button response)\n- Two counter-balanced stimulus lists (list 1 / list 2)\nTasks\n-----\n- ``task-delong``: Main experiment (all subjects, all labs)\n- ``task-control``: Control grammaticality experiment (BRIS subjects, LOND 1-2)\nEvents (trial_type values)\n--------------------------\nDelong experiment:\n  a_expected        — article \"a\", expected (high cloze) context\n  an_expected       — article \"an\", expected (high cloze) context\n  a_unexpected      — article \"a\", unexpected (low cloze) context\n  an_unexpected     — article \"an\", unexpected (low cloze) context\n  noun_expected     — target noun, expected condition\n  noun_unexpected   — target noun, unexpected condition\n  final_expected    — sentence-final word, expected condition\n  final_unexpected  — sentence-final word, unexpected condition\nControl experiment:\n  control_correct   — grammatically correct article\n  control_incorrect — grammatically incorrect article\nGeneral:\n  cloze_marker      — cloze probability marker (trigger 1-100 or 200)\n  item_marker       — stimulus item marker (trigger 101-180)\n  question          — comprehension question onset\n  filler_word       — any other (non-critical) word in sentence\n  unknown_trigger   — trigger code not matched to any known category\nEvent enrichment\n----------------\nEach event in ``events.tsv`` is enriched (when applicable) with:\n  - sequence_id, item_number, list, task_type, condition\n  - expected_article / unexpected_article (a or an)\n  - expected_noun / unexpected_noun (strings)\n  - expected_cloze / unexpected_cloze (0-100)\n  - plausibility_expected / plausibility_unexpected (1-7 Likert)\n  - sentence_context / sentence_ending (strings)\n  - has_question, question_text, question_answer\nThese come from the authors' REPLICATION_ITEMS.xlsx file on OSF.\nparticipants.tsv columns\n------------------------\n  participant_id         — sub-<lab><num>\n  lab                    — birm/bris/edin/glas/kent/lond/oxfo/stir/york\n  lab_number             — 1-9 (paper's numbering)\n  institution            — full institution name\n  list                   — stimulus list (1 or 2)\n  accuracy               — % correct on comprehension questions (from OSF)\n  n_article_trials       — article trials kept (out of 80)\n  n_noun_trials          — noun trials kept (out of 80)\n  included_in_paper      — True if >=60/80 trials (paper's threshold)\n  exclusion_note         — e.g. \"random_answers\", \"non_native\", \"low_trials\"\n  hand                   — R (all right-handed)\n  age_range              — 18-35 (all participants)\n  native_language        — English (all participants)\n  recording_system       — manufacturer + model\nNotes\n-----\n- Original raw data is kept — no filtering, no resampling, no artifact rejection\n- Channel types: EEG, EOG, and misc (peripheral) channels are labeled\n- For BDF labs, channels EXG1-8, GSR1/2, Erg1/2, Resp, Plet, Temp are marked misc\n- GLAS has a 128-channel BioSemi montage (biosemi128)\n- STIR data is read with a custom Neuroscan CNT parser (MNE's built-in\n  reader has a bug with the corrupted total_samples header field)\n- OXFO has 3 subjects recorded with BrainVision instead of BDF\nReference\n---------\nNieuwland, M.S., Politzer-Ahles, S., Heyselaar, E., Segaert, K., Darley, E.,\nKazanina, N., ..., Huettig, F. (2018). Large-scale replication study reveals\na limit on probabilistic prediction in language comprehension. eLife, 7,\ne33468. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.33468\nReferences\n----------\nAppelhoff, S., Sanderson, M., Brooks, T., Vliet, M., Quentin, R., Holdgraf, C., Chaumon, M., Mikulan, E., Tavabi, K., Höchenberger, R., Welke, D., Brunner, C., Rockhill, A., Larson, E., Gramfort, A. and Jas, M. (2019). MNE-BIDS: Organizing electrophysiological data into the BIDS format and facilitating their analysis. Journal of Open Source Software 4: (1896).https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01896\nPernet, C. R., Appelhoff, S., Gorgolewski, K. J., Flandin, G., Phillips, C., Delorme, A., Oostenveld, R. (2019). EEG-BIDS, an extension to the brain imaging data structure for electroencephalography. Scientific Data, 6, 103.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0104-8","recording_modality":["eeg"],"senior_author":null,"sessions":[],"size_bytes":110280705492,"source":"nemar","storage":{"backend":"nemar","base":"s3://nemar/nm000228","raw_key":"dataset_description.json","dep_keys":["README","participants.json","participants.tsv"]},"study_design":null,"study_domain":null,"tasks":["control","delong"],"timestamps":{"digested_at":"2026-04-30T14:09:13.601177+00:00","dataset_created_at":null,"dataset_modified_at":"2026-04-10T18:46:01Z"},"total_files":397,"computed_title":"Nieuwland et al. 2018: Multi-site N400 Replication Study","nchans_counts":[{"val":66,"count":81},{"val":32,"count":78},{"val":73,"count":77},{"val":65,"count":43},{"val":41,"count":40},{"val":64,"count":38},{"val":144,"count":37},{"val":138,"count":3}],"sfreq_counts":[{"val":500.0,"count":122},{"val":512.0,"count":116},{"val":1000.0,"count":78},{"val":2048.0,"count":41},{"val":250.0,"count":40}],"stats_computed_at":"2026-05-01T13:49:34.660021+00:00","total_duration_s":836630.6934179687,"author_year":"Nieuwland2018"}}